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- Name : Silicon
- Symbol : Si
- Atomic # : 14
- Atom weight: 28.0855
- Melting P. : 1410
- Boiling P. : 2355
- Oxidation : +2, +4, -4
- Pronounced : SIL-i-ken
- From : Latin silex, silicus, "flint"
- Identified : Jons Jacob Berzelius in 1824
- Appearance : Amorphous form is brown powder; crystalline form has a gray
- metallic appearance
- Note : The seventh most abundant element in the cosmic
-
- [Properties]
-
- Silicon is characterized as a crystalline semimetal, or metalloid. There
- are actually two allotropic forms, however; a dark brown, powdery amorphous
- form and the gray, metallic-looking crystalline form. The amorphous form is
- best known for its presence in ordinary beach sand. The crystalline form is
- best known for its impact upon modern civilization - as the foundation
- material for electronic semiconductor components.
- In spite of the widespread existence of silicon dioxide, silicon is
- relatively inert. Hydrofluoric acid is the only acid that corrodes silicon,
- for example; many other reactions take place only at very high temperatures.
- Silicon does react with the halogens and some of the alkalis, however.
-